Presentation accepted for MLA Panel, "New Approaches to
Nietzsche,"
San Francisco, 1998.
I view Nietzsche's The Birth
of Tragedy as a radical realization of the subjective formality that
Kant describes in The Critique of Judgment . I will consider the
manner in Nietzsche takes the Third Critique's attenuation of the distinction
between subject and object, form and content, to theorize aesthetic states
that, as in Attic tragedy, articulate the excesses of desire, suffering,
violence and sublimities too extreme to be Kantian. Thus the Nietzscean
aesthetic celebrates the attainment of styles that violate both Kant's
morality and his concept of the object and, hence, the limitations and
possibilities of practical and pure reason. On the other hand, in his "Parergon,"
Derrida's account of différance appears to be an attempt
to theorize this Kantian aesthetic within the limitations of object and
concept as stipulated by the tradition of Western metaphysics that culminates
in Kant's First and Second Critiques. Moreover, Derrida's attempt to formulate
the play of différance is itself limited by too much insistence
upon work (cf. Kantian duty) and objective definition (cf. pure reason).
John Paulin, U C Berkeley Comparative Literature